1. NUTRACEUTICALS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS IN FAMILY PRACTICE

NUTRACEUTICALS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS IN FAMILY PRACTICE
B.B.Kulambaev, S.E.Ernisbekova, K.B.Birimkulova
Asian International University named after Satkynbai Tentishev
Department of Therapeutic and Specialized Disciplines
Department of Interprofessional Disciplines

ABSTRACT
Background. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements occupy an increasingly prominent
place in primary healthcare. The frequency of their prescription by family physicians has
nearly doubled over the past four years, while regulatory frameworks governing efficacy and
safety have lagged significantly behind market reality.
Aim. To develop a practical algorithm for the rational prescription of nutraceuticals and
dietary supplements by family physicians in outpatient settings, based on evidence-based
medicine data and real clinical practice.
Materials and methods. A narrative review of domestic and international publications
from 2019–2025 was conducted, along with analysis of clinical guidelines (Russian
Association of Endocrinologists, ESC, AGA, Cochrane Library) and national data on
micronutrient deficiency prevalence in the Kyrgyz Republic.
Results. Key groups of dietary supplements with proven clinical relevance were identified
(vitamin D, omega-3, probiotics, iron, magnesium). For each group, indications, levels of
evidence, and drug interaction risks were characterised. A five-step algorithm for family
physician interaction with patients taking nutraceuticals was developed.
Conclusion. Rational use of nutraceuticals requires laboratory confirmation of
deficiency, critical appraisal of the evidence base, consideration of drug interactions, and
structured patient education. This review is narrative rather than systematic; randomised
controlled trials are needed for definitive conclusions regarding individual supplement
efficacy.

Keywords: nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, family physician, primary healthcare,
evidence-based medicine, prevention, nutritional status, polypharmacy.