7. HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CARDIAC TISSUE WITH AGING

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CARDIAC TISSUE WITH AGING
D.A. Chonkoev, I.Z. Khalilov
Asian International University named after Satkynbay Tentishev
Department of Morphological Disciplines

Abstract
Relevance. This review summarizes current data on morphological and histological
changes in cardiac tissue during age-related transformations: cardiomyocyte changes
(hypertrophy, aging), extracellular matrix remodeling (fibrosis), vascular changes
(arteriosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction), conduction system transformations, fatty
infiltration, and calcification.
The purpose of this study is to analyze current data on histological changes in cardiac
tissue with aging and their pathophysiological significance.
Materials and Methods: A systematic analysis of scientific publications by Russian and
international authors devoted to the morphological and molecular aspects of myocardial aging
was performed.
Results: Aging was found to be accompanied by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and
senescence, the development of interstitial fibrosis, decreased capillary density, vascular and
degenerative changes in the conduction system, and the activation of chronic inflammation
and oxidative stress.
Conclusion: Age-related histological changes form the morphological basis for functional
cardiac disorders and require further study to improve the prevention and treatment of age
associated cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: cardiac aging, histological changes, cardiomyocytes, fibrosis, myocardial
remodeling, extracellular matrix, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, vascular changes.