2. FACTORS OF NON-ADHERENCE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY PATIENTS: SURVEY RESULTS AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

FACTORS OF NON-ADHERENCE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY
PATIENTS: SURVEY RESULTS AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

M.A. Almasbekova, G.T. Ashyralieva
Asian International University named after Satkynbai Tentishev
Department of Therapeutic and Specialized Disciplines

Abstract
Background. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and
disability worldwide, including the Kyrgyz Republic. The effectiveness of pharmacotherapy
directly depends on patient adherence to prescribed treatment regimens; however, up to 50%
of patients are non-adherent, which significantly worsens prognosis and increases healthcare
costs.
Aim. To identify key psychological, social, and economic factors influencing non
adherence to pharmacotherapy among cardiology patients.
Methods. An online survey was conducted among 60 patients with confirmed
cardiovascular diseases receiving long-term therapy (mean age 58 ± 11 years, 55% male). A
structured questionnaire of 24 questions covering cognitive, behavioral, economic, and social
aspects was used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and frequency
analysis.
Results. The main reasons for non-adherence were: forgetfulness (74.6%), difficulty
swallowing tablets (67.8%), fear of side effects (41%), and financial constraints (41%).
Distortions in treatment perception were identified: 38% of patients expressed distrust towards
doctors, and 45% believed that “medications cause more harm than good.” Complete
adherence (<10% missed doses) was observed in only 23% of respondents.
Conclusion. Non-adherence to pharmacotherapy among cardiology patients is
multifactorial. An integrated approach is required, including patient education, psychological
support, simplification of drug regimens, and social support.
Keywords: adherence to therapy, cardiovascular diseases, pharmacotherapy, patient,
barriers, psychology.