12. PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE AND APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF HPV-ASSOCIATED VULVAR CANCER IN HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN

PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE AND APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF
HPV-ASSOCIATED VULVAR CANCER IN HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN

A.K. Moldobekova
Asian International University named after Satkynbai Tentishev
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics

Abstract
Relevance: Vulvar cancer associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) represents a
significant oncological challenge. Women living with HIV (WLWH) have a substantially higher
risk of developing this disease, which is linked to chronic immunosuppression and the persistence
of high-risk HPV types. This patient group is characterized by a younger age of disease onset and
specific clinical and pathological features.
Objective: To systematize data on the clinical and morphological features of HPV-associated
vulvar cancer in HIV-positive women and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment approaches
in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Materials and Methods: A systematic analysis of the scientific literature was conducted using
the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for the period 2015–2025. Epidemiological
indicators, clinical manifestations, and survival rates of HIV-positive patients were studied.
Results: It was found that HIV-positive women are diagnosed with vulvar cancer at an average
age of 42 years. With adequate control of CD4 cell counts and viral load, survival rates when
using HAART are comparable to those of the HIV-negative population; however, treatment
strategies for advanced stages require further standardization.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of WLWH
with vulvar pathology are necessary to improve outcomes.
Keywords: vulvar cancer, HPV, human papillomavirus, HIV infection, immunosuppression,
gynecologic oncology, HAART.