8.MODERN APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS OF THE THYROID GLAND

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF
IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS OF THE THYROID GLAND

E.J. Sulaimanova1, M.A. Muratalieva2, Nalin Aryan3, Aruna Thadi3
Asian International University named after Satkynbai Tentishev,
1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Pediatrics,
2Department of Morphological Disciplines, 3Student Scientific Society
Kant, Kyrgyzstan

Abstract.

The aim of the study is to summarize modern approaches to the prevention and
treatment of iodine deficiency disorders of the thyroid gland (IDD).
Methods: theoretical review of scientific publications and regulatory documents, statistical
analysis of data from the National Integrated Micronutrient and Anthropometry Survey, WHO and
IGN international reports, as well as comparative analysis of indicators of iodine sufficiency and the
effectiveness of salt iodization programs.
Discussion: the results show that due to mandatory salt iodization, Kyrgyzstan has achieved
an adequate level of iodine sufficiency among children and adolescents (median urinary iodine
concentration – 175 μg/L) and almost complete population coverage with iodized salt (98–99%).
However, regional variations in salt quality and insufficient public awareness, especially in rural
areas, still persist. The international context highlights the need to integrate salt iodization programs
with initiatives aimed at reducing salt consumption and expanding educational measures.
Conclusions: the analysis confirms the sustainable effectiveness of the national strategy for
eliminating iodine deficiency. Maintaining the achieved results requires systematic quality control
of iodized salt, regular monitoring of population iodine status, and continued intersectoral
cooperation. The experience of Kyrgyzstan can serve as a model for countries with similar
geographical and social conditions.

Keywords: iodine deficiency, salt iodization, prevention, thyroid gland, Kyrgyzstan,
statistical analysis, public health.